Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a type of bacteria that can be found in the genital tract or rectum of about 1 in 4 pregnant individuals. While being GBS positive during pregnancy doesn’t always cause issues, it can have serious consequences for both the pregnant person and their baby.
When a pregnant individual is GBS positive, there is a risk of passing the bacteria to the newborn during labor and delivery. This transmission can result in the baby developing a GBS infection, which can lead to a range of complications.
One of the potential outcomes of a GBS infection in a newborn is early-onset GBS disease. This condition typically manifests within the first week of life and can include symptoms such as difficulty feeding, fever, and irritability. In severe cases, early-onset GBS disease can result in meningitis or sepsis.
In addition to early-onset disease, GBS infection in newborns can also present as late-onset disease, which occurs between one week and three months after birth. While less common, late-onset GBS disease can still have serious implications, including long-term neurological effects.
For the pregnant individual, being GBS positive can increase the risk of developing chorioamnionitis, a bacterial infection of the placental tissues and amniotic fluid. Chorioamnionitis can lead to preterm labor, maternal sepsis, and other complications that may impact both the birthing experience and long-term health.
When it comes to managing GBS during pregnancy, most healthcare providers recommend testing for GBS around the 36th week of gestation. If the individual tests positive for GBS, they are typically given antibiotics during labor to reduce the risk of transmitting the bacteria to the baby.
While antibiotic prophylaxis can significantly reduce the likelihood of newborn GBS infection, it is essential to discuss the risks and benefits with your healthcare provider. Overuse of antibiotics can have consequences, including the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
It’s important to remember that not all pregnant individuals who are GBS positive will experience adverse outcomes. The key is to work closely with your healthcare team to develop a plan that minimizes the risks associated with GBS while supporting a healthy pregnancy and delivery.
Education and awareness about GBS and its implications during pregnancy are crucial for informed decision-making and optimal outcomes. By staying informed and proactive, individuals can take steps to protect themselves and their babies from the potential effects of GBS infection.
In conclusion, being GBS positive in pregnancy can have significant implications for both the pregnant person and their baby. By understanding the risks, maintaining open communication with healthcare providers, and following recommended protocols for GBS testing and treatment, individuals can mitigate the potential consequences of GBS infection and support a safe and healthy pregnancy and delivery.
